Plastic surgery is a medical specialty that is responsible for correcting or restoring form and function of any organ. While famous for aesthetic surgery, plastic surgery also includes many types of reconstructive surgery such as hand surgery, microsurgery, and the treatment of burns. The word "plastic" is due to plastikos Greek meaning to mold or shape, its use is not related to the polymer material known as plastic.
The techniques of reconstructive surgery were carried out in India in 2000 BC. Sushruta, the father of surgery, he made important contributions to the field of plastic surgery and cataract in the sixth century BC. The medical works of both Sushruta were translated into Arabic during the Abbasid Caliphate in 750 AD. These Arabic works came to Europe via intermediaries. In Italy the Branca family of Sicily and Gaspare Tagliacozzi (Bologna) became familiar with the techniques of Sushruta.
British physicians traveled to India to see the work done by methods of rhinoplasty. Reports in rhinoplasty in India were published in major journals from 1794. Constantine Joséph Carpue spent 20 years in India studying methods applied there. Carpue was able to perform the first major surgery in the Western world in 1815. Instruments described in the Sushruta Samhita were further modified in the Western world.
By Mily
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